Culture of Thailand

Theravada Buddhism is central to modern ThaiStepping over someone, or over food, is
identity and belief. In practice, Thai Buddhism hasconsidered insulting. However, Thai culture as in
evolved over time to include many regional beliefsmany other Asian cultures, is succumbing to the
originating from animism as well as ancestorinfluence of westernization and some of the
worship. In areas in the southernmost parts oftraditional taboos are slowly fading away with
Thailand, Islam is prevalent. Several differenttime.
ethnic groups, many of which are marginalized,Books and other documents are the most
populate Thailand. Some of these groups overlaprevered of secular objects - therefore one should
into Myanmar, Laos, Cambodia, and Malaysia andnot slide a book across a table or place it on the
have maintained a distinctly traditional way-of-lifefloor.
despite strong Thai cultural influence. EthnicThai cuisine blends five fundamental tastes: sweet,
Chinese also form a significant part of Thaispicy, sour, bitter and salty. Some common
society, particularly in and around Bangkok. Theiringredients used in Thai cuisine include garlic, chillies,
successful integration into Thai society has allowedlime juice, lemon grass, and fish sauce. The staple
for this group to hold positions of economic andfood in Thailand is rice, particularly jasmine variety
political power, the most noteworthy of theserice (also known as Hom Mali rice) which is
being the Thai Prime Minister, Thaksin Shinawatra,included in almost every meal. Thailand is the
who held power from 2001 until September 19,world's largest exporter of rice and Thais
2006 when he was ousted by a military coupdomestically consume over 100 kg of milled rice
d'état.per person per year. Over 5000 varieties of rice
Like most Asian cultures, respect towardsfrom Thailand are preserved in the rice gene bank
ancestors is an essential part of Thai spiritualof the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI),
practice. Thais have a strong sense of hospitalitybased in the Philippines. The King of Thailand is the
and generosity, but also a strong sense of socialofficial patron of IRRI.
hierarchy. Seniority is an important concept in ThaiThai culture has been greatly shaped in recent
culture. Thais will bow to the feet of their parentsyears by its vibrant and free press. There are
or grandparents to honor them. In addition, thenumerous English, Thai and Chinese papers in
elders always rule in family decisions orcirculation and Thailand is the largest newspaper
ceremonies.market in South East Asia with an estimated
Muay Thai, or Thai boxing, is the national sport incirculation of at least 13 million copies daily in 2003.
Thailand and its native martial art. It achievedThai visual art was traditionally primarily Buddhist.
popularity all over the world in the 1990s. AlthoughThai Buddha images from different periods have a
similar martial arts styles exist in other southeastnumber of distinctive styles. Contemporary Thai
Asian countries, few enjoy the recognition thatart often combines traditional Thai elements with
Muay Thai has received with its full-contact rulesmodern techniques.
allowing strikes including elbows, throws and knees.Literature in Thailand is heavily influenced by Indian
Association football, however, has possiblyculture. The most notable works of Thai literature
overtaken Muay Thai's position as most widelyare a version of the Ramayana called the
viewed and liked sport in contemporary ThaiRamakien, written in part by Kings Rama I and
society and it is not uncommon to see ThaisRama II, and the poetry of Sunthorn Phu.
cheering their favourite English Premier LeagueThere is no tradition of spoken drama in Thailand,
teams on television and walking round in replicathe role instead being filled by Thai dance. This is
kits. Another widely enjoyed passtime, and once adivided into three categories- khon, lakhon and
competitive sport, is kite flying.likay- khon being the most elaborate and likay the
The standard greeting in Thailand is a prayer-likemost populist. Nang drama, a form of shadow
gesture called the wai (see namaste). Taboosplay, is found in the south.
include touching someone's head or pointing withThe music of Thailand includes classical and folk
the feet, as the head is considered the mostmusic traditions as well as string or pop music.
sacred and the foot the dirtiest part of the body.